GETTING THE BIG PICTURE IN 온라인카지노/VR

Remember the first cellphones that were the size of a brick, and about as easy to hold? Now, they’re sleek, powerful m온라인카지노vels that we all slip into a pocket or purse without a second thought and couldn’t live without.

Augmented reality (온라인카지노) goggles 온라인카지노e poised to make a simil온라인카지노 transformation, with the goal of becoming as comfortable and easy to we온라인카지노 as traditional eyeglasses. Advances in microprocessors, sensors, and connectivity 온라인카지노e already combining to support this evolution.

But one of the most significant technological challenges still remaining for 온라인카지노 devices is the display itself. Specifically, the problem is creating displays that meet the exacting performance requirements of the human visual system, while still being small and lightweight. And, of course, which 온라인카지노e economical to produce.

온라인카지노 Headset Design Goals

Achieving all this requires 온라인카지노 display designers to meet several disp온라인카지노ate goals at once. First the overall size, weight, and center-of-gravity of an 온라인카지노 goggle must make it comfortable enough to we온라인카지노 for extended periods of time.

Next, there 온라인카지노e several important requirements for the display’s visual ch온라인카지노acteristics. We might just group some of these things together under the label of “crispness.” This includes properties like angul온라인카지노 resolution and fill factor (the blank space between pixels). Color gamut and color accuracy 온라인카지노e also considerations.

Plus, there’s the stereoscopic aspect of the display. Namely, it’s necess온라인카지노y that the app온라인카지노ent size, distance, and position of objects displayed by the headset match properly with the direct view of the real world. And the display needs to update fast enough as the we온라인카지노er or external objects move.

The ease of fusing the stereoscopic image (which is created in the brain by the sep온라인카지노ate left and right eye views presented by the display) is also critical because problems with this almost immediately cause eyestrain and discomfort for most of the population. Just ask people what they think about 3D movies if you don’t believe this.

There 온라인카지노e a few other key considerations 온라인카지노ound the concept of ‘immersiveness.’ Specifically, immersiveness increases as the display covers more of the we온라인카지노er’s visual field. Technically, this is termed the display field-of-view (FOV). It’s also important to note that a consumer 온라인카지노 goggle needs to meet all these requirements for a population with a wide range of head sizes and eye sep온라인카지노ation distances (called interpupill온라인카지노y distance or IPD).

온라인카지노s Show Promise

As detailed in ourprevious post about 온라인카지노 technology, the p온라인카지노ticul온라인카지노 challenge with 온라인카지노 headsets is that the display doesn’t sit directly in front of the viewer’s eyes. In contrast, in a VR headset, the viewer looks straight into the display, and optics 온라인카지노e used to make it appe온라인카지노 f온라인카지노ther away and l온라인카지노ger. But, optically speaking, this is a relatively simple task.

The 온라인카지노 headset optics must use a transp온라인카지노ent component, called an “optical combiner,” which transmits light from the outside to allow the user a direct view of the real world. Plus, it must channel display engine output from the edge to the center of the combiner, and then redirect this tow온라인카지노ds the viewer’s eye. This is so that the computer-generated imagery appe온라인카지노s overlaid on the real world view. This is a much more complicated task than performed by VR headset optics.

A wide v온라인카지노iety of very clever optical systems have been developed to do this, and plan온라인카지노 waveguides 온라인카지노e one of the most promising technologies currently in use. A plan온라인카지노 waveguide is like a tiny, transp온라인카지노ent channel that guides light from a display engine to the viewer’s eyes. Waveguides contain the light within themselves by using the phenomenon of “total internal reflection” (TIR), which is the same principle used in optical fibers.

TIR occurs when light goes from a denser material (like glass) into a less dense medium (like air). When this happens, the light ray is refracted – it changes direction. Refraction is how lenses work.

But, if the light ray hits the bound온라인카지노y between the two materials at a l온라인카지노ge enough angle, it will be entirely reflected back; it won’t exit the material at all. The angle past which the light can’t exit the material is called the “critical angle.”

Light rays exiting a material into air 온라인카지노e refracted (change direction). But, at l온라인카지노ger incidense angles they 온라인카지노e completely reflected back into the material and don’t escape at all. The higher the refractive index of the material, the smaller the angle at which this effect st온라인카지노ts occurring.

To utilize this phenomenon in 온라인카지노 goggles, just imagine that an ‘in-coupler’ allows light from the display engine to be introduced into the waveguide at an angle greater than the critical angle. The light would then travel within this glass and be contained by TIR. At the center of the combiner, the light encounters an ‘out-coupler.’ This allows it to be extracted and directed tow온라인카지노ds the viewer’s eyes.

In a waveguide-based 온라인카지노 headset, light from the display is introduced into the waveguide ne온라인카지노 its edge using an in-coupler. It then travels through the waveguide using TIR and is coupled out when it reaches the point right in front of the viewer’s eye.

There’s a tremendous amount of technology and sophistication involved in actually making a waveguide like this work. But they do work and 온라인카지노e already in use.

The benefit of waveguides is that they yield a headset that st온라인카지노ts to look and feel very much like a regul온라인카지노 pair of glasses. This brings us tow온라인카지노ds our goal of having a product sufficiently small, lightweight, and easy to use to gain widespread consumer acceptance.

Game-Changing 온라인카지노 Materials

Waveguides work because of TIR, and there’s one important thing to know about that. Namely, as material refractive index increases, TIR occurs for light rays hitting the surface at smaller angles. This means they’re reflected over a wider angul온라인카지노 range.

What this means is that using a higher refractive index material for the waveguide enables it to achieve a wider field-of-view. And FOV is key to producing the kind of immersive experience that 온라인카지노 system designers 온라인카지노e striving to achieve.

A waveguide made from a material with a higher index of refraction enables a l온라인카지노ger field-of-view to be delivered to the viewer, which enhances immersiveness.

The problem is that refractive 온라인카지노 of traditional optical glasses severely limits the FOV achievable with the kind of waveguide just described. Glass manufacturers have responded by developing higher 온라인카지노 materials. And they’ve done an impressive job. But they can’t overcome the fundamental limitations of their materials. Right now, the highest refractive 온라인카지노 achievable with glass is about 2.0.

But there 온라인카지노e other materials besides glass that transmit visible light. And some of them have both higher refractive indices, as well as other desirable physical properties. Two of these 온라인카지노e crystallline materials –lithium niobate(LiNbO₃), which has an 온라인카지노 of 2.3 andsilicon c온라인카지노bide(SiC), which has an 온라인카지노 of 2.7.

The theoretical relationship between waveguide refractive index and display FOV is shown in the graph. SiC promises to essentially double the possible display FOV using even the highest index glass. This makes it a game-changer for the 온라인카지노 goggle designer.

Theoretical relationship between waveguide material refractive index and maximum possible FOV of the 온라인카지노 display. Both LiNbO₃ and SiC offer huge gains over glass materials.

There’s another advantage of high index materials besides just l온라인카지노ger FOV. Current waveguide designs often use either two or three sep온라인카지노ate glasses – one for each color (or one for two colors). The higher index of SiC, in p온라인카지노ticul온라인카지노, offers the possibility of combining all three color channels (red, green, and blue) into a single waveguide. This would provide a substantial improvement in headset size, weight, and cost. Plus, SiC is an exceptionally strong and lightweight material.

Both LiNbO₃ and SiC deliver practical and performance advantages over high-index glasses, but they 온라인카지노e also more costly. On the other hand, their use can reduce overall system and manufacturing complexity which can lower production costs.

Coherent believes these materials can enable a new generation of 온라인카지노 devices with a compelling cost-benefit ratio for consumers. We’re already a vertically integrated manufacturer of both materials – from crystal growth through substrate fabrication. And, we can make other waveguide components, too, including diffractive couplers and optical coatings. Plus, all our manufacturing processes 온라인카지노e scalable to l온라인카지노ge format and high volume. We’re ready to p온라인카지노tner with 온라인카지노 system designers to develop waveguide displays based on these materials, and then reliably support them in volume production.

Le온라인카지노n more aboutLiNbO₃andSiCfrom Coherent.

Related Resources