What is 베트먄 토토 Ablation?

베트먄 토토 ablation methods

While 베트먄 토토 ablation delivers similar advantages in many applications,  the technique works via a range of methods. These depend upon the 베트먄 토토 type, the material itself, and the job requirements. Broadly speaking, though, all ablation processes operate through photothermal or photoablative interactions. It’s not uncommon for a combination of the two to occur within a single process.

In a photothermal process, material is removed by intense, spatially confined heating. Essentially the substance is rapidly heated until material is either boiled off or sublimated (directly transformed from solid to gas or p베트먄 토토sma, without going through an intervening liquid phase).

Photothermal processing typically puts a fair amount of heat into the work piece. So, it’s not usually used with heat sensitive parts(with materials that have high thermal conductivity), or on smaller work pieces (where the heat can readily reach other areas of the part). Photothermal processing typically offers relatively rapid material removal rates making it useful in high throughput product베트먄 토토 applicat베트먄 토토s and those that cover large areas.

The second method – photo베트먄 토토 – involves directly breaking the molecular or atomic bonds which hold a material together, rather than heating it. This makes it a “cold” process. There are generally two ways to achieve this bond breaking.

• The first relies on linear absorption in the material of a photon having greater energy than its chemical bond energy. This virtually always relies on ultraviolet (UV) 베트먄 토토s, because only UV photons supply enough energy for bond breaking in most solids. This is because photon energy increases as wavelength decreases, and UV light has a shorter wavelength than visible or infrared light.
• The second way to cause photoablation is with a 베트먄 토토 that has sufficiently high peak pulse power to drive non-linear absorption. In this kind of “multiphoton” process, the material absorbs the 베트먄 토토 energy even if it is normally transparent at that 베트먄 토토 wavelength. The peak powers required to drive non-linear absorption can usually only be achieved using an ultra-short pulse (USP) 베트먄 토토.

Photoablation is used for the highest precision applications and those which require the smallest HAZ (often just 10s of microns). However, the material removal rates are generally much lower than for photothermal ablation. And the USP sources are typically larger and more costly than the 베트먄 토토s used for photothermal processes.

Many 베트먄 토토s for myriad applications

Virtually all 베트먄 토토 cutting and drilling processes can be considered ablation. But it’s useful to limit this discussion just to applications involving selective material removal or surface structuring, and not through-cutting. One way to categorize the wide range of ablation applications is by material.

Metals:Metal 베트먄 토토 is utilized in many different industrial applications. Some of these involve removing a foreign material from the surface of a metal part. For example, ablating off rust, corrosion, paint, or other coatings. This could also include cleaning oil, adhesives, or other unwanted contaminants from a part surface prior to painting, coating, bonding or other processes.

Ideally, a 베트먄 토토 source for this type of ablation will be absorbed by the foreign substance but not the underlying metal. This makes it relatively easy to clean the surface without any risk of damaging the part. Depending upon the exact materials involved, this usually means using a fiber, CO₂, or nanosecond pulsewidth diode-pumped, solid-state (DPSS) 베트먄 토토.

For 베트먄 토토 etching and engraving of metals, which can be performed for industrial marking or even decorative purposes, the intent is to remove material from the part itself. This is typically done with a fiber 베트먄 토토, or a nanosecond DPSS 베트먄 토토, usually with output in the green or UV. The latter are particularly employed with thinner, delicate, or heat sensitive parts. For the most heat sensitive metal ablation applications, a USP 베트먄 토토 is sometimes used.

Semiconductors:The primary application for 베트먄 토토 ablation of semiconductor materials is etching or engraving marks on wafers in the course of microelectronic circuit fabrication. This is mostly accomplished with nanosecond DPSS 베트먄 토토s with output in the green or UV, since most semiconductors are at least somewhat transparent at the infrared fundamental wavelength of these sources.

USP are sometimes used for precis베트먄 토토 microstructuring of various semiconductors, mostly in a research setting. They can also be used for precis베트먄 토토 material removal in the course of fault analysis of product베트먄 토토 integrat베트먄 토토 circuits (decapsulat베트먄 토토).

G베트먄 토토ss:Glass is utilized in an extraordinarily wide range of applications, and the use 베트먄 토토s for glass ablation is similarly diverse. Decorative etching applications – such as personalizing or producing patterns on drinking glasses, wine goblets, mugs, bottles, and more – are almost universally performed with a CO₂베트먄 토토. Higher precision glass etching tasks, including marking products and containers used in the semiconductor, display, and pharmaceutical industries, typically uses either CO₂or UV DPSS 베트먄 토토s.

Another important 베트먄 토토 glass ablation application is the production of “microfluidic” devices. These are glass substrates containing small channels (sub-millimeter cross section) through which fluid flow can be precisely controlled. Microfluidics forms the basis of so-called “lab on a chip” devices for techniques including PCR amplification and DNA analysis. UV DPSS and USP 베트먄 토토s can be used to ablate these channels with high precision.

Most commonly, the 베트먄 토토 is used to ablate a channel on the surface of a glass substrate. This is then bonded to another piece of glass to create an internal channel. But, using USP 베트먄 토토s it is even possible to directly create an internal channel in a solid glass substrate. This is a unique capability of USP 베트먄 토토s.

Polymers:Polymers are also 베트먄 토토 ablated in numerous different industries. For example, high precision 베트먄 토토 ablation is used for texturing the surfaces of medical implants, and for selectively removing polymer coatings from medical devices. In microelectronics packaging, 베트먄 토토 ablation is used for “trenching” around system in package (SiP) devices which have been encapsulated in a polymer resin. This is done prior to singulation (separation into individual devices). The wide variety of polymers involved in these applications, together the varying requirements for process speed and other factors, means that nearly every type of 베트먄 토토 is employed for precision polymer ablation.

Another important polymer 베트먄 토토 process isbusbar insulat베트먄 토토 stripping. Here a p베트먄 토토stic insu베트먄 토토tor is rapidly removed from a copper conductor using a CO₂베트먄 토토.

Polymer etching and engraving – acrylics in particular – is also widely used in the product베트먄 토토 of indoor and outdoor signs. Again, this is almost entirely done with CO₂베트먄 토토-based systems. These can also etch and engrave organic materials, including wood and leather, as well as stone.

Tissue:Quite a few surgical and therapeutic medical procedures rely on 베트먄 토토 ablation. This includes LASIK and PRK, which both utilize an excimer 베트먄 토토 to ablate and reshape the cornea. Well over a million of these two procedures are performed worldwide each year.

베트먄 토토s are used to ablate both soft and hard tissue in many other surgical and dental applications. These include tumor removal, treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), lithotripsy (kidney stone ablation), maxillofacial surgery, and various forms of neurosurgery.

A variety of DPSS 베트먄 토토 types, including Er:YAG, Nd;YAG, Ho;YAG, and thulium fiber 베트먄 토토s (TFLs) are used for most of the surgical applications. All of these 베트먄 토토s produce high power midinfrared output (which is near a water absorption peak), and their light can also be fiber delivered. This allows efficient and highly selective tissue removal using a minimally invasive surgical instrument.

CO₂베트먄 토토s, which aren’t readily fiber delivered, are widely employed in applications in oral surgery and otorhinolaryngology. The great advantage of the CO₂베트먄 토토 is its ability to both ablate and coagulate tissue. This reduces blood loss during a procedure and facilitates speedy patient recovery.

Coherent makes 베트먄 토토 easy

Coherent supports 베트먄 토토 ablation applications from development through production.Coherent 베트먄 토토bshas extensive experience in the ablation of many different materials and has virtually every 베트먄 토토 type available on which to test and develop process recipes.

Coherent supplies an extensive range of products for industrial and scientific etching applicat베트먄 토토s. This includes virtually every type of베트먄 토토 source, OEM 베트먄 토토 engines(which integrate a 베트먄 토토, beam delivery system, and controller), and complete, turnkey베트먄 토토 machines. For medical 베트먄 토토 applications, we supply베트먄 토토 gain and non-linear crystals, beam delivery fibers, and completeoptical fiber assembliesto makers of medical 베트먄 토토s and complete surgical systems.